![]() He ordered the treasure ships scuttled and Chinese ports closed. But despite the success of the seven voyages, the emperor concluded that the world had nothing to offer China. His “treasure ships,” among the largest wooden vessels ever built, brought back tribute from all parts of the known world. It was during this dynasty that Zheng He, an admiral in the Ming fleet, embarked on seven voyages around the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans, more than half a century before Christopher Columbus set sail. The Forbidden City was built during the Ming dynasty, which ruled China from 1368 to 1644-a period considered to be a golden age in terms of China’s economic might, territorial control, and cultural achievements. Nadia Schadlow: Consider the possibility that Trump is right about China The message-conveyed in private conversations and public statements, as well as in official TV coverage and by the very nature of the tour-was consistent with Xi’s speech three weeks earlier at the 19th National Congress: The Chinese Communist Party was relentlessly pursuing the “great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” As Xi described it, “rejuvenation” encompassed prosperity, collective effort, socialism, and national glory-the “China dream.” The Forbidden City was the perfect backdrop for Xi to showcase his determination to “move closer to the center of the world stage and to make a greater contribution to humankind.” We were accompanied by Xi, his wife, and several other senior Chinese leaders. ambassador to China, Terry Branstad-received its first history lesson as it toured the Forbidden City, the seat of Chinese emperors for five centuries. The American delegation-which included President Trump and the first lady, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, and the U.S. They emphasized certain historical subjects. John King Fairbank, the Harvard historian and godfather of American sinology, noted in 1948 that to understand the policies and actions of Chinese leaders, historical perspective is “not a luxury, but a necessity.” During our state visit, Xi and his advisers relied heavily on history to convey their intended message. During our state visit, Xi and his advisers relied heavily on history to convey their message-emphasizing certain subjects and avoiding others. But the integrated nature of the Chinese Communist Party’s military and economic strategies is what makes it particularly dangerous to the United States and other free and open societies. China’s effort to extend its influence is obvious in the militarization of man-made islands in the South China Sea and the deployment of military capabilities near Taiwan and in the East China Sea. The Chinese Communist Party is not only strengthening an internal system that stifles human freedom and extends its authoritarian control it is also exporting that model and leading the development of new rules and a new international order that would make the world less free and less safe. But those assumptions were proving to be wrong.Ĭhina has become a threat because its leaders are promoting a closed, authoritarian model as an alternative to democratic governance and free-market economics. As the country became more prosperous, the Chinese government would respect the rights of its people and liberalize politically. Since the heady days of Deng Xiaoping, in the late 1970s, the assumptions that had governed the American approach to our relationship with China were these: After being welcomed into the international political and economic order, China would play by the rules, open its markets, and privatize its economy. But many other questions about the nature and future of the relationship between China and the United States had also emerged, reflecting China’s fundamentally different perception of the world. ![]() The country figured prominently in what President Barack Obama had identified for his successor as the biggest immediate problem the new administration would face-what to do about North Korea’s nuclear and missile programs. From my first day on the job as President Donald Trump’s national security adviser, China had been a top priority. On November 8, 2017, Air Force One touched down in Beijing, marking the start of a state visit hosted by China’s president and Communist Party chairman, Xi Jinping.
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